Bharatbook.com has announced the addition of a new report “Hydrogen as a Chemical Constituent and as an Energy Source” to their huge collection of market research reports. The U.S. market for hydrogen as a chemical constituent and as an energy source was valued at $22 billion in 2010. This market is expected to increase at a 3% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) to reach a value of $25.5 billion in 2015.
The refining segment of the U.S. market was valued at $9 billion in 2010. This market is expected to increase at an 8.4% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) to reach a value of $13.5 billion in 2015.
Total world production of hydrogen as a chemical constituent and as an energy source was valued at $120 billion in 2010. This market is expected to increase at a 6.3% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) to reach a value of $163 billion in 2015.
Additional Information
INTRODUCTION
OVERVIEW
The purpose of this report is to measure and forecast the demand for hydrogen as a chemical constituent and as an energy source. The report defines individual markets and technical applications for hydrogen. In regard to cutting-edge developments, areas such as nanotechnology and biological processing, where considerable research dollars have been expended, are covered.
Among the key trends in the hydrogen business are pipeline development and plant modernization. Hundreds of millions of dollars in projects to build new hydrogen production facilities, and new pipelines, have been announced in the last several years. Coincidentally, though, there have been significant cutbacks in government funding for hydrogen-related research.
THE FUEL OF THE FUTURE
Much has been said about hydrogen being the “fuel of the future” due to its abundance as an element and its nonpolluting combustion products. Less has been said about the fact that other forms of energy must be used to produce the hydrogen which will be used as fuel. Most hydrogen is bound up in compounds such as methane or water or more complex sources such as coal, and energy is required to break the hydrogen free from these compounds, then to separate, purify, compress, and/or liquefy the hydrogen for storage and transportation to usage points. Widespread production, distribution and use of hydrogen will require many innovations and investments to be made in efficient and environmentally acceptable production systems, transportation systems, storage systems and usage devices.
Hydrogen is primarily used in petroleum refining and as a chemical intermediate, particularly in the manufacture of agricultural fertilizers. Hydrogen has some utility as a fuel source in transportation, but numerous technical and economic barriers still exist to widespread deployment of either hydrogen-powered engines in vehicles or fuel cell-powered vehicles that use stored hydrogen.
Hydrogen is an energy carrier, much like electricity, and therefore requires a primary energy source to produce it. One of the primary economic barriers to more widespread use of hydrogen as a fuel is the fact that it requires significant energy inputs to produce hydrogen. In the U.S. virtually all hydrogen is made from natural gas, giving rise to significant quantities of unwanted and undesirable carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
Despite the unfavorable economics for uses of hydrogen other than refining and as a chemical intermediate, interest in it has always remained strong because hydrogen in transportation would not directly generate greenhouse gases. And if the hydrogen can be obtained via “renewable” resources such as wind or solar power or even biological processing, it would truly be emission-free.
The cheapest way to produce hydrogen is natural gas reforming or coal gasification at a central plant. Hydrogen, particularly high purity hydrogen, can be obtained indirectly from electricity via water electrolysis, a usually costly process due to the high energy input. Because all current processes to produce hydrogen generate significant amounts of CO2 emissions, large-scale hydrogen production from natural gas and coal would be environmentally acceptable only if combined with carbon capture and storage technologies.
During, and in many cases beyond, the forecast period of this report, some essential technologies that could be deployed to produce hydrogen include fossil sources with carbon sequestration (coal and natural gas), renewable energy sources (solar, wind, and hydroelectric), biological methods (biomass and biological), and nuclear energy.
SCOPE OF STUDY
This BCC study focuses on key hydrogen technologies and applications. It provides data about the size and growth of both captive and merchant hydrogen markets, company profiles, patent trends and industry trends. Cutting-edge developments, research priorities, and potential business opportunities are a key focus.
The report focuses on the following:
* The structure of the hydrogen industry, its driving forces, competitive aspects, market segmentation, distribution channels, pricing, and technology.
* Analysis of global market trends, with data for 2009, estimates for 2010, and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2015.
* Assessment of hydrogen demand, with 5-year forecasts.
* Reviews of global environmental and energy regulations.
* Company profiles.
* Patent activity.
For more information kindly visit: http://www.bharatbook.com/detail.asp?id=192727&rt=Hydrogen-as-a-Chemical-Constituent-and-as-an-Energy-Source.html
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